Roosevelt and the Great Depression Essay -- History Politics Historica

Roosevelt and the Great DepressionThe Great Depression of the 1930s was a great blow to America especially by and by the seeming prosperity of the mid-twenties. The depression was a result not of false prosperity in the twenties, although the distribution of wealth was real uneven the affluence was very real, but rather from a lack of economic and policy-making maturity to address the problems either before 1929 or as a cure broadcast 1929. The Great Depression is often seen as a result of the twenties when rather it was a failure of the thirties. If the necessary policies had been drawn up in the twenties there would have been widespread hatred for these policies by the wealthy ruling class. This would have made them impossible to implement. It is only during the depression that they became a remote political possibility. Since most of these measures were never tried by either Hoover or Roosevelt we can only speculate as to the level of political acceptance such(prenominal) mea sures would have encountered. Roosevelts main measure in combating the Great Depression was the implementation of the New Deal. When Roosevelt excepted the presidential nomination he said I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people. The New Deal, which was never clearly defined, became the label for the measures undertaken to combat the depression. This New Deal sparked off one(a) of the most concentrated bursts of legislation in American history. In 1933 Roosevelt took up office in the face of an economic crisis. Massive unemployment had swept the country and a banking sector in crisis. The New Deal was already in the oven, only half-baked, but it had to be served quickly it was perhaps for this reason that the barrage of legislation lacked a cohe... ... reversing the policy of fiscal conservatism into one of increased defence spending which brought a boom to many industries. Many of the gains of Roosevelts actions are in the unyielding term. Even though many of his government agencies ceased to exist some key reforms were made, especially with regard welfare and the banking sector. The New Deal, though of dubious economic value, perform in motion long-range trends toward governmental expansion and modernisation. Works CitedBurns, J.M. 1956, Roosevelt the Lion and the Fox 1882-1940 Volume One, Harcourt, Brace & World, New York Conkin, P.H. 1968, The New Deal, Routledge American History, London. Graham, O.L. 1967, An Encore for advance The Old Progressives and The New Deal, Oxford University Press, New York. Hill, C.P. & Fell, G.H. (eds), 1975, Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, Edward Arnold, London

Special Education and Inclusion Essay -- essays papers

Special Education and InclusionMany people seem to look past how learning-disabled students would feel to be placed in a mainstream classroom which includes students without disabilities rather than go to class in a segregated/ supererogatory education classroom with only opposite students who withal have learning disabilities. There are many researches constantly going on studying the effects of comprehension in classrooms to see if learning-disabled students pass on better in mainstream classes. Students with learning disabilities feel better about themselves when they are included in classes with their peers who dont have learning disabilities. Some scathe regarding inclusion education should be clarified so that a person who is not knowledgeable about finical education will have a better understanding. Inclusion and mainstreaming in class rooms can be switched around to mean the same thing. Essentially, these terms mean the process of putting students with special learn ing needs into regular classes with non-disabled peers. Resource classes, which used in a typical educational setting for learning disabled students, are classes that are for special needs students only. Just like inclusion and mainstreaming, learning disabled and special needs can be used interchangeably.Students with disabilities have educational rights under a special law called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) which mandates that students with disabilities have a free and appropriate education (Curry School of Education, n/d). The law requires that special needs students should also be placed in the least restrictive environment (LRE) suitable for their needs(Curry School of Education, n/d). The LRE for some students is often the g... ...ed/resource classrooms and express their opinions on this matter.L., turncock and John (1994). Learning Disabilities. Retrieved April 24, 2003, from http//curry.edschool.virginia.eduStates different legal requiremen ts such as the IDEA and LRE laws, and percentages of learning-disabled students in mainstream classrooms.Meyer, Luanna (2001, March). International Journal of Disability, Development and Education. Vol.48, Issue 1.Studied different disabilities and inclusion classes.Wolfe, P., & Hall, T. (2003, March) Teaching Exceptional Children Vol. 35, Issue 4.Suggestions to teachers/parents that provides appropriate education for all children.(2001, November 5). Educational Issues Series. Retrieved April 25, 2003, from http//www.weac.orgDefinitions and laws for inclusion in education are mentioned here along with different act cases.

Snowboarding Physics :: Snowboard Sport

Snow shape up CompositionThe typical snowboard is designed to face the toughest conditions in any climate, however though its use is in the first place during the winter. In general, a snowboard is composed of several levels to attain a durable, up to now light structure. Making the surfaces of a snowboard with a token(prenominal) friction coefficient is essential in the snowboard manufacturing industry. Like its various, eye-catching graphic designs, each and every snowboard has a unique layer structure. The two most basic yet important layers of a snowboard be the pith (4) and the P-Tex/base layer (10). The issue is usually made of birch wood it is ideal for its lightweight, rigid, and flexible characteristics. Advances in core technology in upstart years allowed the snowboard to become more maneuverable and portable. Hollow aluminum cells with walls in the shape of honeycombs are a breakthrough in snowboard core construction. With this emblem of core layer the s nowboard retains its rigidity, but reduces its weight drastically. Another alternative to the wood core is a foam injected core. Foam can be injected electronically - to any cell size, thus allowing variability in rigidity.The P-Tex layer is named after the company that patented the material used for the layer. It is a special type of polyethylene plastic that allows the board to have a minimal friction coefficient when sliding down snow-covered ground, creating a slippery feeling. This plastic was designed to realise wax for conditioning and panoptic life. A steel ring (7) serves two purposes it protects the sides of the snowboard and puts maximum force into the snow for optimum maneuverability.The graphic layer (2) is a printed layer of fiberglass giving the snowboard an likable design. There are literally millions of different snowboards with a unique graphic on them, but snowboard consumers may have a custom image printed on their snowboard.Multiple layers of fiberglass a re usually glued on the immediate sides of the core for increased durability. A protective cultivation lines the top of the snowboard to protect scuffing and churl scratching on the graphics layer Different types of layers are arrangements in each type of core. Type A shows a foam core, with a bulky rubber sidewall (6). Type B represents the common wood core layer layout with additional protective layering. Type C shows that the aluminum honeycomb core is kindred to the wood core structure, since nearly the same kinds of material are used.Snowboarding Physics Snowboard SportSnowboard CompositionThe typical snowboard is designed to face the toughest conditions in any climate, even though its use is mainly during the winter. In general, a snowboard is composed of several layers to attain a durable, yet light structure. Making the surfaces of a snowboard with a minimal friction coefficient is essential in the snowboard manufacturing industry. Like its various, eye-catc hing graphic designs, each and every snowboard has a unique layer structure. The two most basic yet important layers of a snowboard are the core (4) and the P-Tex/base layer (10). The core is usually made of birch wood it is ideal for its lightweight, rigid, and flexible characteristics. Advances in core technology in recent years allowed the snowboard to become more maneuverable and portable. Hollow aluminum cells with walls in the shape of honeycombs are a breakthrough in snowboard core construction. With this type of core layer the snowboard retains its rigidity, but reduces its weight drastically. Another alternative to the wood core is a foam injected core. Foam can be injected electronically - to any cell size, thus allowing variability in rigidity.The P-Tex layer is named after the company that patented the material used for the layer. It is a special type of polyethylene plastic that allows the board to have a minimal friction coefficient when sliding down snow-cover ed ground, creating a slippery feeling. This plastic was designed to absorb wax for conditioning and extended life. A steel ring (7) serves two purposes it protects the sides of the snowboard and puts maximum force into the snow for optimum maneuverability.The graphic layer (2) is a printed layer of fiberglass giving the snowboard an appealing design. There are literally millions of different snowboards with a unique graphic on them, but snowboard consumers may have a custom image printed on their snowboard.Multiple layers of fiberglass are usually glued on the immediate sides of the core for increased durability. A protective coating lines the top of the snowboard to protect scuffing and minor scratching on the graphics layer Different types of layers are arrangements in each type of core. Type A shows a foam core, with a large rubber sidewall (6). Type B represents the common wood core layer layout with additional protective layering. Type C shows that the aluminum honeyc omb core is similar to the wood core structure, since nearly the same kinds of material are used.

Lessons Learned from Notes to a Native Son Essay -- James Baldwin

Realizing What Society Really Is Born in 1924, throng Baldwin grew up in Harlem during harsh racism and the infamous Jim Crow laws. In addition to being surrounded by hate crimes and riots, Baldwin had a rough relationship with his father, who died when Baldwin was only nineteen. Twelve years after his father?s death, Baldwin wrote an essay, authorise ?Notes of a Native Son,? which described the events that took place around the time of his father?s death. Being one of his trademark talents, he also inserted periods of analysis piece narrating the story. These insights, often reflections on his career and actions, illustrate the importance of learning to truly understand the troupe in which one lives in order to react fitly to one?s current situation in life. James Baldwin noted at the beginning of his essay that he really began thinking about his life and his father?s life when his father passed (63). Just like most rebellious teenagers, he did not always understand his father?s intentions when he was being warned about drugs, white people in general, and other activities that he was specifically warned about and kept away from. Arguments were of course inevitable, and their relationship worsened because James Baldwin kept silent. In fact, the one time that he can remember when they had a real chat together was when his father asked him if he really wanted to write instead of being a preacher, like his father (80). Looking back on his childhood, James Baldwin realized that he did not really channel any time to get to know his own father, and once he died it was too late. Baldwin also added some analysis about father and son relationships, noting that ?It seems to be typical of Ameri... ...is a commonplace? (84). Back in the forties and fifties, and still today, life isn?t fair, and there still exists strong hatred between trusted groups of people. Denial of the way society was or is prevents people from taking control of their lives and growing to become better people despite their respective situation. Baldwin described that in-person growth as a continuing fight against those injustices by pushing for complete equality amongst everyone in one?s own life (84). plague and discrimination still exist today, but because so many people fought for equality over the past sixty years, changes have occurred to make the pain of realizing how society really was, and how it has become, more bearable.Works CitedBaldwin, James. ?Notes of a Native Son.? 1955. James Baldwin Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York Library of America, 1998. 63-84.

Pressure Groups Essay -- Politics, Public Engagement

Introduction Pressure sort outs are known to be small and extremely diverse formed on the basis of interest and activities, their functions bowl over them a high human race profile where minds are influenced and driven to make change. A Pressure group is an organisation which seeks to influence the details of a relatively small range of public policies and which is not a function of a recognised political party (Baggott, 1995 p.2). An aim of contract groups is to generate support which burn influence political agendas this can directly persuade the government to consider taking action. In this essay I will concentrate upon exploring on dissimilar issues on pressure groups, discussing the relationship between the groups, their apply of the media and their status as insiders and outsiders in the political process. Pressure groups have two main types of groups the insiders and outsiders which each get ahead a common cause with a different relationship with the media and poli tical party making one as an unheard voice in the public sphere. To the public Pressure groups is another form where the public can engage in politics, participating directly in the political process. I will overly intricate in this essay the arguments against pressure groups from the New Right perspective to the Neo pluralist perspective as well as the growths of pressure groups due to the use of the media and their political engagement. The size of a group is a basic indicator of how much public support they get especially those that posses slack membership, they mobilise through demonstrations, protest involving some non members through organised events. The different types of well known pressure groups that I will include are Greenpeace, chela Poverty Action ... ...te and develop policies. Using a term called reactive coverage which uses the media to put across its viewpoint and influence. The child poverty action group used media coverage to demonstrate that an issue wa s of public concern and therefore reinforce a case being made civil servants (Field, 1977, pp53- 4). Environment pressure groups i.e. Greenpeace a well known pressure group backed by the government and the public has used the media to help change the climate of public perspective having an immediate influence. The growing use of the public relations and the media specialist by pressure groups reflects the influence which they believe the mass media have over public thought process and policy decisions (Baggott, 1995 pp. 184). Other strategies that pressure groups have used are posters or press advertisement in order to get their message across to its public.

Pop-Music - Beating and Killing Women Essay example -- essays research

Pop-Music - B take and Killing Women What would happen if you found out that a certain type of food was bad for you would you stop eating it? Similarly, if you found out a certain type of medication was bad for you would you stop listening to it? Wouldnt you need proof before you make a decision? John Hamerlinck, a freelance writer in St. Cloud, Minnesota uses this article, Killing Women A Pop-Music Tradition, to make his major point of how popular music is the most common link to emphasis (241). Hamerlinck voices his concern on the issues of violence in our society and has taken many stands on how violence is generated. Hamerlinck emphasizes that even though the mainstream press seems to have only recently recognized this horrible reality, the signs of our tolerance toward domestic violence have long had a prominent profile in popular culture (240). Through novels, films, and music, the media has effected the way our society thinks, believes, and acts. I agree partly with Hamerlin ck about the strong influence music has on its listeners, scarcely I dont agree with how he supports and concludes his article with the type of evidence he uses. Hamerlinck starts out by supporting the way music promotes violence then suddenly changes his stand to say that music isnt the cause of violence. How can you trust an authors word when he switches his opinion by the end of the article?In Hamerlincks article, the beginning pur...

Pop-Music - Beating and Killing Women Essay example -- essays research

Pop-Music - Beating and Killing Women What would happen if you found proscribed that a certain type of food was bad for you would you stop eating it? Similarly, if you found out a certain type of music was bad for you would you stop listening to it? Wouldnt you need proof before you make a decision? backside Hamerlinck, a freelance writer in St. Cloud, Minnesota uses this denomination, Killing Women A Pop-Music Tradition, to make his major point of how popular music is the most third estate link to violence (241). Hamerlinck voices his concern on the issues of violence in our society and has taken many stands on how violence is generated. Hamerlinck emphasizes that even though the mainstream press seems to be possessed of only recently recognized this horrible reality, the signs of our tolerance toward domestic violence have long had a prominent profile in popular last (240). Through novels, films, and music, the media has effected the way our society thinks, believes, and acts . I agree partly with Hamerlinck about the strong influence music has on its listeners, but I take ont agree with how he supports and concludes his article with the type of evidence he uses. Hamerlinck starts out by supporting the way music promotes violence then abruptly changes his stand to say that music isnt the cause of violence. How can you trust an authors word when he switches his opinion by the end of the article?In Hamerlincks article, the beginning pur...

Personal Influence Model, Intercultural Communication

1. 0 Literature Review 1. 1 Personal Influence Model Public similitudes Practitioners in Chinese society convey by traditional value especially confucism. (Yi-Hui Huang, The Personal Influence Model and Gao Guanxi in Taiwan Chinese Public Relation,28th Dec 2010 Confucism ) emphasize flipper cardinal Relations(wulun). Yi-Hui Huang stated the unhealthy situation, where people can use own personal influence (Guanxi) major and favour ( mianzi and renqing ) to to reach a shortcut coorperation.This bequeath causes the lost of human resource in community, where people who have the ability may not contribute due to the imperfectness of managing public relationship, and not cosmos treated fairly. However, Gupta, Chandi and Barlett, Jennifer L. 2007 mention this hierarchical system is to reduce conflict surrounded by people, its managed by establishing guanxi and giving mianzi reciprocally, and is often establish through determining commonalities between the parties and giving mutual res pect to each other.Palanca in Mexico and throughout Latin America, for example, dictates how personal networks function. Such interpersonal networking focuses more on trust, less on juristic systems, more on relationships, and less on principles, which is more on 1. 2 Intercultural Communication Intercultural communication affect the models of publics relations as the different culture go forth affect the way of public relation practitioner do their job. (R. S Zahara, American University, 2001) Example, Intercultural harmony communication campaigns such as Merdeka Day is always hold in Malaysia and Singapore.Being big companies, especially multi-national companies, public relation practitioners need to understand different kind of culture. Cultural sensitive will seriously affect the melodic phrase thats why PR practitioners should know about situational issues within an external environment. ( Zulhamri Abdullah, 2007) 1. 3 International Public Relations Different countries prac tices different cultures therefore PR practitioners from different countries have their own ways of working things out when it comes to using PR strategies. Basically, different aspects in the countries uch as its economic system, political ideology take aim of activism and the media culture will affect their PR practitioners in the country. Besides these aspects. The country technologys development such as the satellite communication and so on also affects the way they do PR. (R. S Zahara, 2001) Reference Zuhamri Abdullah, Towards international cultural diversity management of public relation. 1(2)285-299(2007),department of communtication, faculty of modern language and communication, University Putra Malaysia herds grass L.Howard, Carol AnnHackley,Qingwen Dong, The Impact of Palanca in shaping Mexico Public Relation,2009 Gupta, Chandhi and Barlette, Jennifer L. (2007) Guanxi,astrology and symmetry Asian business and its impact on public relation practice. Asia Pacific Public Re lation Journal, 8(1). Yi-Hui Huang,(2000) The Personal Influence Model and Gao Guanxi in Taiwan Chinese Public Relations. Public Relations Review,26(2)219-236,Elsevier Science Inc. Krishnamurthy Sriramesh,(2001) International public relations A framework for future research. Journal of Communication Management, Henry Stewart Publications.

How does Shakespeare use language to reinforce these feelings? Essay

Com handst on various sorts of neck in the play Romeo and Juliet. How does Shakespe ar use oral communication to reinforce these feelings? Romeo and Juliet, a tale of cardinal Star-crossed sports fans, is similar to any modern-day, magazine featured hunch story. It features a typical teenage romance, which is destined for tragedy. Take West Side Story or eventide Grease they all thrive around the same plot. William Shakespeare wrote Romeo and Juliet in the 16th Century. It is set in the 12th Century in the thriving city of Verona amongst the hatred of cardinal rival families The Capu permits and The Montagues.The plot intertwines itself around different types of esteem and ends with an act of sure crawl in. Only with the young lovers death do the two feuding families finally shake hands in a sign of reconciliation. Throughout the play Romeo and Juliet depend on one a nonher as a reference point of accompaniment and love. One prime example of this is of Juliet and her nur se. This type of love is also featured at the beginning of the play between Romeo and his cousin, Benvolio. Throughout the beginning of prompt 1 shaft 1 both Lord and lady Montague (Romeos parents) and Benvolio show concern toward how Romeo has been behaving.They run him as being tearful and unsociable. Benvolio and then shows himself as a close, sensitive friend to Romeo. He blathers to Romeo sympathetically even though he has been pushed away by him. He displays care and support which could be classed as brotherly love. These actions between two people do not stop there as the same happens between Mercutio and Romeo in Act 2 video 4, Mercutio says to Romeo Why is not this better now than groaning for love, thou art sociable, thou art Romeo, for this drivelling love is like a big(p) natural. In Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare used techniques such as set out imagery to emphasise a mood or a particular speech. In Elizabethan times, when Romeo and Juliet was written, the ramif ication in which it would have been performed would have been very simple. Therefore, Shakespeare had to rely on the words spoken by the characters to create the imagery needed. By exploitation light to annunciate love he could create the images he wanted and the audience could picture the mood as opposed to seeing it. An example of this is when Romeo describes Juliet, his love, as a light breaking through a dark window (Act 2 Scene 2) or a b remediate angel or the sun.Juliet then goes on to describe the abruptness of their love like lightning It is to a fault rash, to a fault sudden, too like the lightning. (Act 2 Scene 2 line 118-119) This technique is so effective that Shakespeare uses it throughout Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare was born and grew up during the Elizabethan times. Religion, money and wealth played a strong part in life in this era. In Shakespeares plays he reflects heavily on Elizabethan values in showing love and marriage to be the main focus of womens life. Girls as young as 12 were encouraged to hook up with for Wealth and Status as opposed to love.According to an Elizabethan text it says It is generally considered foolish to marry for love, although love may occur in marriage. Elizabethan Life- Throughout the Ages The idea of arranged marriages was very popular during this time and this topic is featured in Romeo and Juliet. Juliets parents, Lord and Lady Capulet, are approached by, capital of France, a suitable husband for their daughter. Through looking at his background and status in wealth, Lord Capulet decides that the two should marry. However, it could be said that Shakespeare wasnt in favour of these marriages because he made two main characters establish concern more than or less the age of their daughter being so young.This is shown when Lord Capulet says to Paris My child is yet a stranger in the world, She hath not seen the change of fourteen years, Let two more summers wither in their pride, Ere we may forecast her ripe to be a bride. (Act 1 Scene 2) One of the most abnormal actions which would not normally fit in with Elizabethan life is when Romeo and Juliet marry because of pure love. When this play was written there was a small rising Elizabethan interest in marrying for love as apposed to status of wealth or family. By including this in the play he introduced his audience to what he thought should be accepted possibly in future life.In Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare uses different types of language technique to create an emotion. A prime example of this is when the two lovers, Romeo and Juliet, come upon for the very first time. They share a 14 line sonnet. In this sonnet there is religious imagery Which mannerly devotion shows in this, For saints have hands that pilgrims hands do touch, And palm to palm is holy palmers kiss. (Act 1 Scene 5 lines 97-99) Here Romeo and Juliet use religious icons to express their love for each other and through mirroring the love between a pilgrim and a saint they are in veryity talking about themselves.One of the reasons why Shakespeare has used this sonnet in the first meeting, between Romeo and Juliet is to emphasise their mutual feeling of love at first sight. It brings both rhythm and elegance to the text. By including sonnets in his text, Shakespeare is able to enhance and beatify the emotion. Before the famous two lovers, Romeo and Juliet, meet each other for the first time we discover, in the opening scene, that Romeo is infatuated with a lady called Rosaline. In Act 1 Scene 1 Romeo declares She is too fair, to wise, wisely too fair, To merit bliss by making me despair. Romeo is indeed in despair as Rosaline, the women he apparently loves, has sworn that he impart remain a virgin for the rest of her life. Benvolio reminds Romeo by saying Then she hath sworn that she will still live chaste. Romeo partly in anger, starts using riotous language to further describe his infatuation. He says Love is a smoke made with the fum e of sighs, Being purged, a fire sparkling in lovers eyes. Romeos love for Rosaline echoes Petrachs, a popular English poet, work. Petrarch used very heavy descriptive language in his poetry.Romeo was almost obsessed with Rosaline only when she rejected his advances. This type of infatuation is called Petrarchan love. Romeos love for Rosaline is classed as unrequited love or almost courtly love. Shakespeare wrote Romeos melodramatic speech about Rosaline to seem almost unconvincing. It was as if Shakespeare didnt want the audience to believe that Romeos feelings were genuine. He uses oxymorons to persuade us that in fact Romeos love for Rosaline is false. An example of this is when Romeo says O brawling love, loving Hate, O heavy lightness, serious vanity. By including such techniques as this, it almost overdresses the text and enhances the fake- ness. Although the audience recognise that this love Romeo has is fake Shakespeare reinforces the audiences suspicions by making one of his characters realise this too. Throughout the play Shakespeare uses the language to create and encourage dramatic tension. A genuine example of this is when the Friar Lawrence repeats the word come, in Act 5 Scene 3, four times within a short speech. By using repetition it builds up not only the pace but tension too.It is the Friar Laurence who comments on Romeos lack of genuine love. He believes that Romeos love for Rosaline is indeed false and is classed a doting rather than truthful love. He describes how this is common in young men by saying Young mens love then lies, Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes. Act 2 Scene 2. Friar Laurence then goes on to reference Romeos love again, he says Thy love did read by rote, that could not spell. Act 2 Scene 3. He believes that Romeos love is more like a recitation memorised from a book, and that he has no true understanding of it.When Romeo approaches Friar Laurence, after attending the Capulet party, his attitude has change d. He has indeed fallen in love with a Capulet the Montagues opposition. The language Romeo uses is livelier which is apposed to the dull yet heavily decorated speech he earlier used. When Romeo claimed to be in love with Rosaline, the friar became fed up with Romeos speech being too flowery. He says Be plain good son, and homely in thy drift. (Act 2 Scene 3 Lines 55). In Act 2 Scene 3 Friar Laurence is suspicious of Romeos new found love and tells him not to be too hasty. Romeo seems to be convinced about his new love.Friar Laurence says that he will support him In one respect Ill thy assistant be. Although through Friar Laurences speech and reactions towards Romeo he is wary, the Friar sees this as an opportunity to bring the two contrasting families together For this alliance may so able prove, to turn your households rumour to pure love. At the beginning of the play it features Sampson and Gregory, two Montague Servants. They start to boast to each about their sexual experience s. They talk about women losing their virginity and mens erections and their lust for such things.This could be classed as Crude or Sexual love. Another place in the play where it happens is in Act 2 Scene 5 line 75. This is when the nurse behaves in a crude manner. She says jokingly, while sending Juliet of to her marriage with Romeo, But you shall bear the loading soon at night. One of the most obvious types of love portrayed in Romeo and Juliet is true love. This is displayed between the two Star-crossed lovers Romeo and Juliet. Throughout the play they show true love for each other. One prime example of this is in the balcony scene in Act 2 Scene 2.Both through in drive and direct speech to one another(prenominal) they express their feelings for one another. Juliet says to Romeo Ere one can say It lightens. Sweet, good night, this bud of love, by summers ripening breath. My love is deep the more I give to thee, the more I have. In Romeo and Juliet one type of love which is po rtrayed between Juliet her parents is paternal Love. Both her father and mother express concern over Juliet and her welfare. Her father mainly shows this when The County Paris asks to marry Juliet within the next couple of days. He replies Monday ha, haWednesday is too soon, A Thursday let it be. The language used by Lord Capulet reinforces his love for Juliet by appearing strong yet making a joke out of the suddenness of the marriage. By saying ha, ha in response to Paris wanting the marriage to be on Monday it appears as if he has everything sorted out. Yet, in the real sense he doesnt want to let his daughter go so soon. Throughout his next speech he appears to of thought he is doing the right thing by marrying Juliet to Paris. He makes sure that Paris is a worthy Gentleman therefore portraying affection and love for his daughter.One character who is not related to Juliet yet shows parental-like love towards her is her nurse. We know that previous to when the play is set that th e nurse has lost her child. Although that Juliets Nurse does not believe in true love she expresses love for Juliet.She lets Juliet and her lover, an enemy of the family, meet. In Act 1 Scene 3 line 60-63 she shows affection towards Juliet after conveying messages to from one lover to another Peace, I have done. God mark thee to his grace, Thou wast the prettiest babe that eer I nursed. And I might live to see thee married once, I have my wish. The language used by the nurse is very affectionate and personal. This helps to reinforce the Nurses Parental love for Juliet. The play ends with a triumph of true love over a dutiful love, the marriage between Juliet and Paris, and the hate between the two families. Romeo and Juliet perform the ultimate act of true love by dying for each other in order to be together.The two feuding families of Verona finally shake hands and are united through this tragedy. In shaking hands they are formalising Romeo and Juliets love. Capulet says O brother Montague, give me thy hand. This is my daughters jointure, for no more can I demand.

Japanese Culture Essay

AbstractIt is important to understand that an individuals perspective of expiry and dying is greatly impacted by their culture. In this wallpaper I will discuss how the Nipponese culture approaches cobblers last and dying. I will similarly discuss the unique model of organ transplantation that surrounds that Nipponese culture. This paper presents the police of organ transplantation in lacquer, which allows people to decide whether brain death quarter be used to determine their death in agreement with their family. Japan could become a unique example of individual option in the definition of death if the law is revised to allow individuals recognize definition of death indep barricadeently of their family. The death and dying rituals involved in the Japanese culture will be discussed.Overview of the Japanese civilizationIn the latter(prenominal) half of the twentieth century, developed countries of the world have make remarkable strides in organ donation and transplantati on. However, in this argona of medicine, Japan has been slow to follow. Japanese ethics, deeply rooted in religion and tradition, have affected their knocked out(p)look on life and death. The Japanese have only if recently started to acknowledge the concept of brain death and transplantation of major organs has been hindered in that country. Currently, there is a dual definition of death in Japan, intended to satisfy some(prenominal) sides of the issue. This interesting paradox, which still stands to be fully resolved, illustrates the controversial conflict between medical ethics and medical progress in Japan.The Japanese culture considers a human being both alive and knackered, an structured body, mind, and spirit (Dennis, 2009, p.12). Therefore removing an organ from a brain- all in(p) person involves a disturbance in this natural integrated unit. In the Japanese culture organ donation and organ transplantation are unpopular and rare (Dennis, 2009). According to Dennis (2009 ), the Japanese culture believes that a dead body must remain whole because if they are not whole, that dead person will be unhappy in the next world.Japanese Culture on Death and DyingIt is crucial to understand that an individuals perspective of death and dying is greatly impacted by their culture. Japan is the only country, which permits individual choice in death definition for the purpose of organ transplantation, and in agreement with the persons family. The Japanese organ transplantation law of 1997 is a long debate on brain death and organ transplantation. Over almost one-third decades, medical, legal and public discussion has occurred a overleap of consensus on the definition of human death caused a long delay in adopting a law on organ procurement (Akabayashi, 1997). Finally, policy makers in Japan have adopted a law with unique features, such as giving an opportunity to individuals to take in the definition of death ground on their own views. Therefore, in Japan indiv iduals may choose either cessation of circuit boardiorespiratory function or loss of entire brain function for their death pronouncement (Morioka, 2001).However, the choice is permitted in Japanese law only if organs can potentially be used for transplant with the agreement of the family, which means that although individuals can choose the definition of death based on their own views, the law gives power to the family to confirm or reject the choice. The law allows the family to override the individual choice in death definition (Akabayashi, 1997). The first effort to pass a law on organ transplantation following brain death failed in 1994. The main reason why the proposed law was rejected in 1994 is said to be because it stated that brain death is equal to death, and also because it approved de vexy sheriff decision making by the family. These issues raised serious arguments and concerns among some members, resulting in defeat of the legislation (Akabayashi, 1997). However, the situation has changed since consequently and, as public polls show, the cast of people who accept the concept of brain death has increased from 29% to 60%. (Lock, 1996).The current law states that for organ removal, the donors prior proclamation and family agreement are both necessary requirements (Japan Ministry of Health Labor and Welfare, 1997). The organ donation provisions of the law apply for brain dead donors as advantageously as any cadaver. The law authorizes organ removal from a braindead person only if the donor has, during his life expressed in physical composition his consent to the diagnosis of brain death, as well as, his intention to donate his organ(s). Therefore, the law authorizes individuals to choose between the traditional definition or the alternative received based on brain function by signing an Organ Donation Decision Card. Individuals can state their wishes at the back of this card by marking one of the following items (1) I wish to be a donor based on the brainoriented definition (2) I want to be a donor after cardiac death or (3) I refuse to donate organs (Bagheri, 2003).The law is not bountiful of criticism, especially in terms of adopting a double standard regarding the role of the family. On the one hand, it gives the family the power to veto an individuals willingness to donate. On the former(a) hand, it does not authorize the family to be a surrogate decision maker based on the interests of their beloved ones when they are in a braindead state and the organ donor card cannot be found. Nevertheless, the unbalanced role and power of veto of the family under the present law can be seen as a hindrance to organ procurement in Japan (Bagheri, 2003). The process of dying is regarded not as an individual event but as a family event in the Japanese culture (Kimura, 1998).There is no doubt that any transplantrelated legislation should be concerned with inclusion of the depression of the family in the decisionmaking process. This forms a basis for social acceptance of the legislation. However, in any culture a practical question arises to what extent is the familys opinion to be taken into consideration? According to the law, family consent is required both for organ procurement and for declaration of death according to brainbased criteria. Therefore an individual can choose the definition of death with the agreement of her or his family, but not independently (Kimura, 1998). Japan is the only country that allows individuals to choose either the traditional definition or the brainoriented definition of death, but individual choice must be confirmed by the family therefore, it is a family based choice (Kimura, 1998).Death and Dying Rituals in the Japanese CultureA Japanese funeral includes a call forth, the cremation of the deceased, a burial in a family grave, and a periodic memorial service. According to statistics, 99.82% of all deceased Japanese are cremated. While the ashes of many are inhumed in fami ly graves, the scattering of ashes has become more common in recent years, including a burial at sea (Wakabayashi & Sekiguchi, 2011). Many funeral services are carried out in the form of Buddhist ceremonies. afterward a person has died, their lips are moistened with weewee, in a ceremony referred to as Matsugo-no-mizu Water of the last moment (Wakabayashi, & Sekiguchi, 2011). The household shrine is closed and covered with a white paper, to pass off out impure spirits. This process is known as Kamidana-fuji. A small table put beside the deceaseds bed is also decorated with flowers, incense, and a candle. A knife may placed on the chest of the deceased to drive away evil spirit (Wakabayashi & Sekiguchi, 2011).Funeral arrangements are made and the body is washed and the orifices are blocked with cotton or gauze. The funeral clothing will consist of either a suit for a male or a kimono if the deceased is a female. Makeup may also be applied in order to improve the appearance of th e body. The body is then put on dry ice and placed inside the casket with the head positioned towards the north or west, along with a white kimono, sandals and six coins for the crossing of the River of three hells. Items which the deceased was fond of will also be placed inside the casket as well, so long as they are flammable. The casket is then placed on the altar in preparation of the wake (Nakata, 2009). Guests who attend the funeral are expected to dress in swart attire. The men usually hold out black suits with a white shirt and a black tie, while women wear either a black dress or a black kimono. A Buddhist prayer bead called juzu may also be carried by guests. Guests are expected to bring condolence money in a special black and silver decorated envelope. At the funeral, the guests will be seated, with the next of kin closest to the front.The Buddhist priest will read a sutra. The family members will each in turn offer incense three times to the incense urn in front of the deceased. The closest relatives may stay and keep vigil with the deceased overnight in the same room (Nakata, 2009). Japanese funerals are usually performed on the day following the wake. The funeral service is similar to that of the wake service, the difference being that during the funeral service, the deceased will receive a new Buddhist name to prevent the return of the deceased if their name is called. At the end of the ceremony, flowers may be placed inside the casket before it is sealed and carried to an elaborately decorated hearse where it is transported to the crematorium. In some regions of Japan, the casket may be nailed fill up by mourners using a stone (Wakabayashi & Sekiguchi, 2011). Once the casket has arrived at the crematorium, the family witnesses the sliding of the body into the cremation chamber, then leave.After the cremation process is complete, the family returns to pick the swot out of the ashes and transfer them to an urn using chopsticks. In some instan ces, two family members will hold the same bone at the same time with their chopsticks or pass the swot from chopsticks to chopsticks. According to Japanese custom, this is the only time when it is proper for two people to hold the same item at the same time with chopsticks. The bones are picked up and transferred to the urn in a manner which ensures that the deceased is not placed upside down in the urn. Therefore the bones of the feet are picked up first, the bones of the head last (Nakata, 2009). A typical Japanese grave is usually a family grave consisting of a stone deposit with a place for flowers, incense, and water in front of the monument and a chamber underneath for the ashes.The date of the formation of the grave and the name of the person who purchased it may be engraved on the side of the monument. The names of the deceased may or may not be engraved on the front or left side of the monument or on a separate stone in front of the grave Nakata, 2009). The Japanese hono r the dead with shrines in their homes and tending to the gravesite (Dennis, 2009). During three days in August, the Japanese Buddhist celebrate at The Bons Festival in honor of the departed spirits of ones ancestors (Dennis, 2009). Until the early twentieth century most bodies were buried and cremation was limited to the wealthy. Cremation became more common after World War II due to its efficiency and cleanliness. In 2009, 99.9% of Japanese bodies were cremated, and some local governments ban burials (Wakabayashi & Sekiguchi, 2011). goalI learned a lot about the Japanese culture while researching my paper. One of the things that I found surprising was that the majority of Japanese bodies are cremated. The similarities that I found between the American and the Japanese culture are that both cultures were black to funerals. In both cultures items that are valuable are placed in the caskets and funerals are followed by the wake. While cremation is popular in Japan, I was surprised t o learn that cremation is on the rise in the United States however, not everyone approves of it (Dennis, 2009).ReferencesAkabayashi A (1997). Japans parliament passes brain death law. The Lancet, 349 (9069). Retrieved from http//www.lancet.com. doi10.1016/S0140-6736(05)63895-0. Bagheri A. (2003). A criticism of brain death policy in Japan. Kennedy Institute of Ethics ledger 13 (4), 359-372.Dennis, D. (2009) Living, Dying, Grieving. Sandbury, MA Jones and Barlett Publislhers. Japan Ministry of Health Labor and Welfare, The law concerning human organ transplants The law no. 104 1997. Translation 1999.Kimura R. (1998). Death, dying and advance directives in Japan sociocultural and legal points of view. In Sass HM, Veatch RM, Rihito K, eds. Advance directives and surrogate decision making in health care. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Lock M. (1996). Deadly dispute ideologies and brain death in Japan. In Stuart J, Youngner Laurence J, OConnell Renee C, eds. Organ transplantation me aning and realities. Fox. Madison University of Wisconsin Press. Morioka M. (2001). Reconsidering brain death a lesson from Japans fifteen years experience. battle of Hastings Center Report 31, (4), 41-46.Nakata, H. (2009). The Japan Times. Japans funerals deep-rotted mix of ritual, form. Retrieved from http//www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20090728i1.html.Wakabayashi, D., & Sekiguchi, T. (2011). After Flood, Deaths Overpower Ritual. Wall Street Journal.

Case Vignettes in Acid-Base Balance Essay

A 14-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis has complained of an increased cough productive of green sputum over the last week. She also complained of being increasingly little(a) of breath, and she is noticeably wheezing on physical examination. Arterial blood was drawn and sampled, revealing the following valuesQuestions1. How would you classify this girls acid-base status?2. How does cystic fibrosis cause this acid-base imbalance?3. How would the kidneys try to compensate for the girls acid-base imbalance? 4. List more or less other causes of this type of acid-base disturbance. Vignette 2A 76-year-old soldiery complained to his wife of severe sub-sternal chest pains that radiated down the inside of his left arm. Shortly afterward, he collapsed on the living room floor. Paramedics arriving at his house in force(p) minutes later found him unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. CPR and electroconvulsive shock were required to start his heart beating again. Upon arrival at the Emergency Room, the humans started to regain consciousness, complaining of severe shortness of breath (dyspnea) and continued chest pain. On physical examination, his vital signs were as follows Systemic blood 85 mm Hg / 50 mm pressure HgHeart rate 175 beats / minuteRespiratory rate 32 breaths / minuteTemperature 99.2oFHis breathing was labored, his pulses were rapid and weak everywhere, and his skin was cold and clammy. An ECG was done, revealing significant Q waves in most of the leads. Blood testing revealed markedly elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels of cardiac muscle origin. Arterial blood was sampled and revealed the following pH 7.22pCO2 30 mm HgpO2 70 mm HgHemoglobin O2 saturation 88 %HCO3- 2 meq / literQuestions5. What is the diagnosis? What evidence supports your diagnosis? 6. How would you classify his acid-base status? What specifically caused this acidbase disturbance? 7. How has his body started to compensate for this acid-base disturbance? 8. List som e other causes of this type of acid-base disturbance. Vignette 3An elderly gentleman is in a coma after suffering a severe stroke. He is in the intensive care unit and has been placed on a ventilator. Arterial blood gas measurements from the persevering reveal the followingpH 7.50pCO2 30 mm HgpO2 100 mm HgHemoglobin O2 saturation 98%HCO3- 24 meq / literQuestions9. How would you classify this patients acid-base status?10. How does this patients hyperventilation pattern raise the pH of the blood? 11. How might the kidneys respond to this acid-base disturbance? 12. List some other causes of this type of acid-base disturbance.

Old Spice: Revitalizing Glacial Falls

Old ribaldry Revitalizing frozen(p) Falls Context In 2007, P&G account a growth of 5% in volume and a 3% increase in revenue for its Old Spice brand. The achievement was deemed flat when P&G had maintained a competitive media spending of 23% in the mens deodourant category. As a result, Mauricio OConnell, assistant brand manager was tasked to verbalise the reasons for the foundering sales of Glacial Falls bouquet, which was the worst performing scent not only in Old Spices portfolio but also in the full(a) category. Diagnosis Red Zone line is the higher-end product offering of the Old Spice brand featuring the Glacial Falls scent.From Exhibit 6, we see that consumers of this product wonder the benefit of the enduring power of the scent keeping away the odors, thus having the need to use the deodorant once per day. Additionally, Old Spice products are liberal use as well as offer a scent that is deemed clean and fresh by its loyal customers. However, Old Spice does not disti nctly distinguish how their product can be a catalyst to energize, empower or give confidence to its users. The case also highlights that Old Spice had not advertised the Glacial Falls scent specifically.Additionally, Ps media campaigns seem to have painted the brand as old and the customers of both segments associate the brand with the elderly. P&Gs difficulty is its unfocussed position of the Old Spice brand and of the Glacial Falls scent that result in the flat growth in the mens deodorant category. Consumers cannot distinguish between the three product lines especially the difference between the Classic and the Red Zone line. The flat growth or the foundering sales of the Glacial Falls scent are neither a result of the low quality nor the poor smell of Glacial Falls scent itself.Proposed resolve To improve the sales of the Glacial Falls scent, P&G needs to distinguish clearly between its product lines Base, Classic and Red Zone. Based on the qualitative data presented in Exhi bit 6, P&G should target Glacial Falls (a Red Zone product line offering) scent towards males in the younger males in the 12-24 years age group. Glacial Falls offers an important ability to block the odor for extended periods of time, a quality highly admire by the younger age group because odor elimination is equivalently perceived to boost male confidence.Further, to win over the younger customers, Glacial Falls should profit on the confident, smarter image of mature men capable of taking care of themselves as well as their women, an image that is portrayed the parent Old Spice brand. Implementation To improve sales of Glacial Falls scent through the proposed solution above, P&G should offer Glacial Falls as a high-end product at a reasonable price (lower end of the Red Zone product line) because the younger generation (primarily the college students with low student-level income) should be able to consecrate it.The media campaigns should link the odor-eliminating feature of thi s product as a confidence boosting element for the younger generation thus energizing them every morning and keeping their invigorate up throughout the day. Next, P&G needs to improve the product packaging and highlight an outdoors and an adventurous campaign easily connecting this generation with the benefits offered by the Glacial Falls scent.Finally, P&G should highlight the Red Zone line of product more that the Old Spice branding to market the scent effectively to the males in the 12-24 age group who detest an association with the elderly fragrance. Positioning Statement To the younger generation males looking to energize their daily lives with confidence, Glacial Falls is the brand of fresh and clean fragrance deodorant that has the ultimate ability to block the body odors effectively throughout the day because it has a scientifically-proven, advanced(a) odor blocking formula.

Human Rights Essay

Human rights and the concepts concerning the treatment of man have received much furtherance since 1948 during the formulation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Protection of sympathetic rights goes way acantha to the early society of tender-hearteds and continues to evolve with time as a leading factor in revolution and politics of all hitn governmental sympathies (Symonides 2003 p. 15). Power limitation for most governors based on the concept of gentlemans gentleman rights, which provided the foundation for judgment of the rulers leadership standards.joined States also adopted this concept in their Bill of Rights that later developed, and through with(predicate) stress put on the expect for foreign rights for gentleman beings, the Universal Declaration got formulated too( Maddex 2000 p. 60). Currently, the human rights concept closely relates to the policy-making organization of a society and the relationship between the government and its masses. This en tails the right of the citizens participation in politics, freedom that lot should be entitled to, responsibility of the government to the battalion and the preservation of the peoples human rights in the process of practicing coeval politics.Governments and states owe the people their prime dedication to maintaining and protecting the human rights which involves their participation, recognition and expansion of the basic rights of people without necessarily infringing on group conglomerateing their basic needs. In nine for a state to ascertain success in practicing modern-day politics, they need to strategize on the magnificence of maintaining the human rights of the people in the process of legitimizing their power and need for obedience.This paper aims to analyze the depth of concern that maintenance of human rights should receive in relation to practicing coetaneous politics. The international dusts concern on rights issues dwells entirely on the policies that countri es develop, their politics and the respect they maintain in regards to the rights of human beings. For instance during the end of antagonism in the East-West the United Nations strengthened their policies and stand on protecting human rights (Eade & Williams 1995 p. 3). In their view of politics, in the contemporary world, they formulated ways to protect such rights such as offering humanitarian assistance to governing bodies, team inspections in relation to weapon destruction and an effort to fight for the internally dis dictated citizens. The four duty levels of a state in politics require that they respect the rights regime by protecting, respecting and meeting the rights of the people.Therefore in order to achieve this fundamental objective and indebtedness to the people, the state needs to resist in interfering with the peoples rights, respect them, allow the freedom of sharing resources, taking part in political action and participating in political autonomy, as well. In resp ect to the rights of the people, the view on socio-economic rights comes into play because for the political government to be able to thresh the resources equally and satisfy the peoples needs they face an obligation to respect the peoples rights to free utilization of resources.Regarding a collective group, lets express the family, an association the governing bodies and the contemporary political leaders need to respect the resources belonging to these groups in relation to their rights to the use of basic resources to satisfy their needs this is what strengthens the human relations arm of politics in any governing state (Eade & Williams 1995 p. 42). Additionally, in an effort to increase and enhance machinery for rights actualization the state has to ensure they meet their obligation in committing to protect the rights of the people.In contemporary politics, the state has to make sure they put measures in place to protect the rights of the people against political, social or ec onomical interference to avoid cases of political wrangles and conflict between the citizens and the arm of the government. This tertiary duty practicality involves establishing and maintaining a legal framework by effectively implementing laws and regulations that would tumble the common man avenues to realize and enjoy their freedom and rights. On the hand, human rights form the pivot of moral doctrine that gives political order to the contemporary do of politics.Hence the observation of human rights in reference to the international bill of rights determine the conditionion, scope and content usable in contemporary politics in relation to the moral norms of the people. Maintaining this moral doctrine of the rights of human beings in contemporary politics requires the application of convention measures issued in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to rights of the people to quality health care and fair, legal attention with the aim of improving lives.While the safest way to secure party favourable conditions necessary for people to live typic lives still stands out as human rights activism the public authorities remain best suited to secure those conditions for the people (Carey, Gibney & Poe 2010 p. 32). Therefore, the much needed importance placed on maintaining the doctrine of human rights by most national institutions and international politics in an effort to primarily avoiding interfering with the interests of the people.Moreover, the human rights doctrine in contemporary politics contri thates to the ideological and geo-political order with a clear framework defining the basis of social, political and economic conditions required to lead better lives. Thus, the importance of practically monitoring and maintaining human rights through legal recognition and validation of the doctrine. Additionally, the human rights moral justification defines the sovereignty considerations made by a nation.Since human rights direct the legitimate criteria to be followed by individual nations, any appeals made by through politics should not by any means other than deter the nation-states from committing fully to maintaining the basic human rights. Thus, the human rights doctrine should be highly maintained because this determines the effective way of evaluating the contemporary legitimacy of the national and international political authorities (Shawki & Cox 2009 p. 36).Another subject to consider in justifying the importance of maintaining human rights in contemporary politics cuts across the identity piece it plays in a community of people. Human rights define the political identity of people living in a certain community therefore any the political authorities need to be more careful in handling matters bearing the interest of the rights of a people because, in turn this reflects on their moral jurisdiction and legitimacy of order over a sovereign state (Shawki & Cox 2009 p. 0). The morality of logic and justification of the individua l rights and the community as a whole adds more weight to the extent of attention paid in maintaining human rights. Authorities in the contemporary politics have an understanding that human rights imposes positively to their control of power and effectiveness in law implementation hence most of the leaders should formulate legislative laws that grant the people the freedom and the right to universal vision and contribution in political issues.Also, in an effort to legitimize authority in current politics, the state lead have to stand up and defend the universality and morals of human rights indicating that their political concern is not entirely based on position and power, but emanates from their primary concern to retain the dignity and rights of the human beings. Considering the legislative role that humanity assumes in politics, the authorities should embrace the concept of human rights doctrine and keep up to promote high maintenance of human rights to present the people wit h better living conditions.This is because human rights initiate the orientation and demand certain goods that lack political justification hence guiding the actions undertaken in contemporary politics. Furthermore in the past, human rights took the leading role in revolution activism the same case applies to contemporary politics whereby the positive the authorities influence put on maintaining human rights the faster they will be able to expand their democratic control and command audience of the people.Therefore, since democracy in politics and human rights directly relate, democratizing the lives of the people and establishing lasting protective measures would go into creating political order and eliminating the ambiguity that politics has on the identity of homo (Neocleous 2006 p. 135). Alternatively, obligation to establishing and maintaining human rights should be emphasized, not just as for upholding the surveys of the society and mankind but leaders in the contemporary po litical world need to view human rights as political so that they will continue to defend and formulate new ones in favour of the people they govern.Satisfaction of the people through human rights- oriented politics involves the authorities appreciating the diversity of the peoples culture, understand peoples views, realize the other value of an individual apart from political persuasion and commit to the democracy of the community allowing them to contribute to the overall contest for political power(Nash 2010 p. 53).The best response and support showed by the people to their political leaders emerges from their willingness to evaluate their own values, their role in the community, listen to the plight of the people, exclude favouritism and exploitation in their political hierarchy and utilize their personal privileges in power to improve the lives of the people. This practically justifies how deep the importance of human rights relates to contemporary politics and so the need to deduce tight policies that govern the authorities in dispersing their duties in the political context of use.The Human Rights council and the International Criminal Court fall under the few international bodies established to direct and penalize the actions of contemporary political leaders in an effort to maintain the rights of humans. Abuse of human rights results to tension between the authorities and the people further disrupting the already acknowledge international rights and laws governing the same hence political instability (Baehr 1994 p. 60). Consequently the probing of the ICC, leads to positive change in the doctrine of human rights as the government and political body abusing the rights of man face tough penalties.Despite these changes emanating from negative political conduct, many ascertain their success and relevance in ensuring that peoples protection from greedy and selfish governance thus ICC has gone further to increase the penalties tied to the practice of po litics in the contemporary setting to reduce the political crime against humanity and the common cases of genocide. Despite the cry, for better leadership authorities through contemporary politics continue to violate the rights of humans leaving humanity the remedy to seal the gap between the political reality and the democracy of a secure future for the people.Addressing the depth of this issue reflecting back to the controversies in United States of the Abu Ghraib Prison and The Guantanamo Bay prisoners (Johari 1991 p. 26) theres need to address the relevant problems surrounding the fight for human rights and public display of political sense through varied avenues like websites. Moreover, the common man can initiate the activism to retain the rights of humans through the family unit and the community which ultimately give rise to the leaders in the contemporary world.Direct campaigns on equality and importance of human rights need more boost in creating educative awareness and a ffirmative action guiding the conduct of authorities in the modern world politics in relation to protecting the interests of the common helpless man. Since vile humanity directly reflects on global change, theres need to cultivate the spirit of togetherness between the community and the political structures present in order to improve the living conditions of people and the growing generation(Symonides 2003 p. 8). Other motivating factors that push for the maintenance of human rights arise from the fear of denial from existence. The denial of human rights supports brutality in the regime of contemporary politics, therefore, to counteract this fear from becoming reality there should be incorporation of human rights policies in political debates in the contemporary politics paired with their respective penalties in case of violation (Baehr 1994 p. 6). Political leaders in contemporary politics continue to source out uncertain avenues to evade observing such rights hence the need fo r the United Nations Program on human rights to effect change in contemporary politics through legitimate arguments and conferences with the relevant political bodies, humanitarian representatives and authorities.Conclusively, without pressure on appeals made to effect and maintain human rights, authorities, in the democratic political world, would continue to manage and ignore the desirable quality of human existence. Subsequently freedom and equality in terms of speech and sharing of resources respectively, would become less meaningful in comparison to the benefits that human rights induces in politics hence instead of politics contributing to nation building the result would only push for the eradication of human existence.Therefore, despite the efforts made by international bodies to promote and maintain human rights, the common man also needs to start human rights activism from the grass decide level to merge the two(the family or community with the political unit). This will go into fostering a positive political weather and educative awareness of self protection against abuse (Steiner & Alston 2000 p. 55) that ultimately sums up to the minimum efforts towards maintaining human rights to sustain humanity.

US Current Account Deficit

According to Peterson Institute for internationalist Economics, the Current Account Deficit of the United States is now at the highest point it has ever reached, nearing $800 billion. This situation is not financially sustainable because in accounting terms it demands that the US economy must import most $4 billion every working day to offset the deficit. The deficit is definitely a hassle for the economy because it has to be addressed both economically and politically.The two factors, economics and politics go fall out in hand and the relationship between the two factors is directly proportional meaning that when politics be generally tranquil, the economy grows and vice versa. To be able to address the deficit a combination of rise orchestrated measures must be taken thus i) The first measure is rather obvious and it dictates a sizable reduction in the US budget expenditure.Money guzzlers like the protracted wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have to be contained. ii) The second m easure is an expansion of demand for domestic US products in other(a) economies particularly other major economies for faster results. Along with this expansion, the US has to reduce its dependence on imports particularly oil whose determine fluctuations have a negative effect on the US economy. iii) The third measure is a adept gradual and substantial realignment of currency exchange rates.A cheaper dollar would stimulate exports which would in turn earn the US the much needed foreign exchange. One handicap with this measure is that other major economies like mainland China and the Oil Producing States have to allow the dollar to fall further against their currencies an act which is not probable. This is because of the less than loving relations between the US and the other economies. Simply put, these nations might not be very voluntary to bail the US out.

Brick and Mortar Business to an E-Business Essay

Company Background surface-to-air missile Walton, who was convinced that the Ameri laughingstock consumers wanted something more than retail grass everyplaces, opened his own discount and retail shop in Rogers, Arkansas. Walton realized he could do better by passing on the savings to his customers and earning his network with volume. This insight would form a cornerstone of Waltons business strategy when he launched Wal-Mart in 1962. Cost-cutting was an obsession in the Wal-Mart culture, and Walton understood that a major requirement for keeping costs down was compulsive the payroll.In 2012, Wal-Mart celebrated 50 years of helping people save money so they can live better. The company employs 2. 2 million associates worldwide and serves 200 million customers each week at more than 10,000 instals in 27 countries. Among the many business enterprises and organizations that changed the world, Wal-Mart holds a very important position. As compargond to other genuine companies that c hanged a lot in the world of entrepreneurs, Wal-Mart has a short, yet highly-acclaimed story of success that is plunk for by brute force of efforts put in by many members and employees.Wal-Mart adopt E-business What business processes were changed? mayhap the single greatest success story of e-business and B2B implementation is that of the rise to dominance by Wal-Mart in the northward American retail market. Wal-Mart has impressive growth in such a short time duet and the single most important factor in this rise was their harnessing of the power of e-business. Wal-Mart built an fund and yield chain management system that changed the face of business making it very competitive as an e-business. care many companies, Wal-Mart started down the road to total integration by first linking its internal systems. Then the way shifted toward an emphasis on integrating Wal-Marts systems with those of its suppliers. More recently, Wal-Mart has initiated efforts to bring processes and sys tems from the customer side of its business into the loop. Whats left is a customer-to-supplier architecture that allows Wal-Mart to follow its customers shopping habits so closely as to know their likes and dislikes and to parlay that information into pinpoint promotions. (Robinson amp Kalakota, 2004) Wal-Mart has revolutionized supply chain management by employ a pull model where customer demands drive the suppliers. Inventory control is finely honed and purchasing trends are available to suppliers, whom now must be able to quickly respond to the needs of millions of customers. The business decision to decentralize the procurement process means that front-line staff in every store can immediately revise the appropriate stock electronically, which will in turn require rapid turnout of carrefour from the suppliers.This rapid replenishment system, coupled with accurate purchasing forecasting, helps Wal-Mart reduce overall costs. While non ever good for suppliers in general, Wa l-Marts power as a giant in business has helped in establishing new standards for B2B e-commerce. Wal-Marts mindset of cutting costs at all costs resulted in them deploying EDI over the Internet to eliminate the costly VAN altogether. EDI over the Internet (EDI-INT) pulmonary tuberculosiss a new standard called AS2, a communication protocol that attempts to make EDI communications over the Internet both secure and reliable.By mandating their suppliers to use AS2, Wal-Mart leads the way in creating a demand for a new generation of EDI, and in turn drives the livelong world of e-business forward. Early on, Wal-Mart saw the value of sharing that data with suppliers, and it eventually moved that information online on its Retail Link Web site. Opening its sales and inventory databases to suppliers is what made Wal-Mart the powerhouse it is today. Would the company drop dead without the E-Business aspect? Why or why not? Wal-Mart has so many great strengths to leverage passim the glob al market, and Wal-Mart will survive without E-business.Some of those strengths are that Wal-Mart best-positioned global retail, and it has a strong price leadership. at that place is no doubt that Wal-Mart is the best-positioned global retailer to address the needs of customers around the world. Wal-Marts growth through new stores remains a priority, with supercenters the primary driver because they continue to offer the greatest returns and allow customers a one-stop shopping experience through more than 3,800 stores and over 617 million square feet of selling space. Wal-Mart reinvigorated their unfathomed price promise of provide low prices day-in and day-out on the broadest assortment.Their price message, backed by the strongest ad find out policy in the industry, ensures that we are driving price separation with competitors. The certainty of great values passim the store such as best-positioned global retail and a strong price leadership has been primordial to Wal-Mart for 50 years, and this company will to survive. Would the company survive without the Brick-and-Mortar aspect? Why or why not? Wal-Mart e-commerce websites is not going to replace bricks-and Mortar stores, because the key to Wal-Marts emerging e-commerce strategy is integrating store and online marketing.This strategy is product of ideas such as pick up at store. Wal-Mart launched on Tuesday its Site to shop class program, in which Walmart. com customers can opt for free shippingprovided they are willing to pick up their order at a Wal-Mart store instead of having it sent to their home. The items ordered are shipped within 7 to 10 business days to a Wal-Mart store, and then an e-mail is sent to the buyer that alerts him or her to pick up the order. (McCarthy , 2007) Retailers say that tying online and in-store inventory together lets them sell more products to more customers.Nordstrom recently combined its inventory so that if the online stockroom is out of a jacket, a store that has it can ship it to the Web customer. back up customers to retrieve items they have ordered online in a store increases visits to the stores, which usually increases sales. What were the unique advantages of this IT solution? whatever noticeable drawbacks? Wal-Mart is strengthening their Global e-Commerce business by investing in new talent and engineering such as Wal-Mart new iPhone application that allows

Lm317 Adjustable Voltage Regulator

Research about LM317 Positive adaptable Linear Voltage Regulator The LM317T is a 3-terminal integrated circuit which house supply a cut current of up to 1. 5 Amps with an fruit potential difference of in the midst of 1. 2V and 37 Volts. It accepts an input potential difference of between 3 and 40 volts. It can be used to regulate either current or voltage in situations where a amend current or fixed voltage is required. The level of current or voltage required can be disciplineed by connecting the chip in series with a fixed resistor and a potentiometer. The LM317 is also a popular variable voltage regulator.It was invented by Robert C. Dobkin and Robert J. Widlar in 1970 while they worked at National Semiconductor. Furthermore, both line and load regulation is better than standard fixed regulators. In addition to having higher performance than fixed regulators, this device includes on-chip current limiting, thermal overload protection, and impregnable operating- atomic num ber 18a protection. All overload protection remains fully functional, even if the adjust terminal is disconnected. The LM317 is versatile in its applications, including uses in programmable produce regulation and local on-card regulation.Or, by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjust and output terminals, the LM317 can function as a precision current regulator. An optional output optical condenser can be added to improve transient response. The adjust terminal can be bypassed to achieve actually high ripple-rejection ratios, which are difficult to achieve with standard three-terminal regulators. LM317 adaptable Voltage Regulator pin configuration. LM317 Adjustable Voltage Regulator Internal Block Diagram Operation of the LM317 Adjustable Voltage Regulator A constant 1. 5V reference voltage (VREF) produces a constant current (IREF) through R1 regardless of the value of R2. IREF = VREF / R1 In operation, the LM317 develops a nominal 1. 25V reference voltage, VREF, between t he output and adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed crossways the resistor R1 and, since the voltage is constant, a constant current I1 then ply through the output send resistor R2, giving an output voltage of VOUT = VREF (1+ R2/R1) + IADJ R2 (The IADJ is typically a 50 A it is miserable in most applications and the input voltage should be 2-3V higher than with its output voltage. Application Information NOTES A. Ci is non required, but is recommended, particularly if the regulator is not in close proximity to the power-supply filter capacitors. A 0. 1-? F disc or 1-? F tantalum deliver the goodss sufficient bypassing for most applications, especially when adjustment and output capacitors are used. B. CO improves transient response, but is not needed for stability. C. The Output Voltage (Because IAdj typically is 50 ? A, it is negligible in most applications. ) D. CADJ is used to improve ripple rejection it prevents amplification of the ripple as the output v oltage is adjusted higher.If CADJ is used, it is best to include protection diodes. E. If the input is shorted to ground during a fault condition, protection diodes provide measures to prevent the possibility of external capacitors discharging through low-impedance paths in the IC. By providing low-impedance discharge paths for CO and CADJ, respectively, D1 and D2 prevent the capacitors from discharging into the output of the regulator. Schematic Diagram Solving for IREF IREF = VREF / R1 IREF = 1. 25V / 10000? IREF = 125mA Solving for VOUT(MIN) and VOUT(MAX)VOUT (MIN)/(MAX) = VREF (1+ R2/R1) + IADJ R2 VOUT(MIN) = 1. 25V (1+ 0? /10000? ) + 0. 000050A * 0? VOUT(MIN) = 1. 25V VOUT(MAX) = 1. 25V (1+ 50000? /10000? ) + 0. 000050A * 50000? VOUT(MAX) = 10V (Therefore, the tokenish input voltage that in order to supply its utmost output voltage is 12V. ) List of Components crap Type Symbol Material Description LM317 (IC) Adjustable Linear Voltage Regulator It is an adjustable three-te rminal confirmatory voltage regulator capable of supplying more than 1. 5A over an output-voltage range of 1. 5 V to 37 V. Potentiometer Variable Resistor Informally, a pot, in electronics technology is a element, a three-terminal resistor with a sliding contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider. If only two terminals are used, one end and the wiper, it acts as a variable resistor or rheostat. Ceramic Capacitor Unpolarized It is a two-terminal non-polar device that is constructed of alternating layers of surface and ceramic, with the ceramic material acting as the dielectric. Name Type Symbol Material Descriptionelectrolytic capacitor Polarized Formerly known as condenser, is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to line energy in an electric field. Resistor Carbon Film It is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. The current through a resistor is in direct proportion to the voltage ac ross the resistors terminals. Diode Rectifier It is a two-terminal electronic components that allow current to flow in only one direction, from an anode (+) to a cathode (-), and that convert AC to DC. Component Layout PCB Design Layout Conclusion I observed that the output voltage of the regulator (LM317) is depend on the R1 and R2 because when the R2 is set to minimum output resistance, the output voltage decrease to its minimum value that is equal to the voltage reference (VREF) while it is set to the maximum resistance, its output voltage will increase and it will reach its maximum output voltage that it can supply. As I said, that the output voltage can control and set it to the value that you desired or enough to supply a load or a circuit.

Counselor Ethics and Responsibilities Essay

As a counselor were taught to put our own determine and beliefs aside and provide services to our nodes even if our values and beliefs do non coincide. When topics such as spontaneous abortion and assisted felo-de-se be brought up, I express my personal values close to them. Abortion is a very sensitive topic for some individuals. My personal values towards abortion are I am for it and Im speaking from my own personal experience. As a woman, its hard to decide to get an abortion but there are a surge of reasons as to why a woman may get the procedure done.For instance, a 19-year-old rape dupe came to me for help because she wants to get an abortion and wants my help changing her parents attitude towards her wanting the procedure done. The ethical content that I would have to go steady while trying to consider on how I am leaving to counsel this client is trying to persuade her parents to have the same values and beliefs as her in set out for her to have her parents bless ing to get the abortion.This would be an issue because I have to be aware of her parents beliefs and trying to change their beliefs on behalf of my client would be wrong. My personal values towards assisted suicide are different than abortion. It is my belief that an illness should not make you want to take your smell. If Eleanor came to me stating that she wants to end her life because of her health condition, I am responsible as a counselor to do my best and make sure she does not cause harm to herself. Even though I am against suicide, its my tariff to counsel my client in need.The ACA (2005) states that counselors must take measures that enable clients to be given every chance possible to engage in informed end making regarding their end of life care. Moreover, I would inquire my supervisor as to how should I go about counseling Eleanor and I would also look into decision the appropriate professional to refer her too that specializes in end-of-life practice. lymph gland R ights The four to the highest degree weighty client rights that I believe a counselor has an obligation to protect are confidentiality, informed consent, privacy and ethnical sensitivity.The first principal(prenominal) client right is confidentiality. It is important that we ensure our clients confidentiality because it is our duty to make sure we do not provide any confidential cultivation to another individual without consent from our client or if we have to there is a legal or ethical justification. Informed consent is the second most important client right because it allows clients the right to be informed about their therapy and to make decisions about it. Moreover, it is important to respect your clients privacy.According to ACA (2005), a counselor should only solicit private information from the client only when the information will be potentially beneficial to the counseling process. Additionally, it is important to be culturally competent because everyone is deeply embe dded in one or more cultures and subcultures that shape the thinking, feeling, and acting of an individual and if counselors cannot foresee the ways that culture has shaped them, they are unlikely to be able to see the important and deep-seated ways that culture has shaped their clients (Values, n. . ). As a counselor, I will desegregate these rights into my professional practice by following the Code of Ethics, consulting a colleague or supervisor and continuing my education to ensure that I am culturally competent. Responsibility to Warn and Protect One mover that will make me consider my duty to warn right as a counselor is if my client has a contagious, life-threatening disease.When clients ruin that they have a disease commonly known to be both ancestral and life threatening, counselors may be justified in disclosing information to identifiable trine parties, if they are known to be at demonstrable and high risk of contracting the disease. Prior to making a disclosure , counselors confirm that there is such a diagnosis and assess the intent of clients to inform the third parties about their disease or to engage in any behaviors that may be harmful to an identifiable third party (ACA, 2005). Once I confirm that my client does have the contagious and life threatening disease, I would inform the individual that would have the possibility of contracting this disease. Another factor that will make me consider my duty to protect responsibility as a counselor is if my client bring ond to me during a academic term that they have plans to do harm to another individual.The ethical issues that I would consider while making my decision to ensure the well being of the individual would be if I should notify them of the potential harm or just notify the police. As a counselor, I still have to protect my clients confidentiality and my decision to disclose the possibility of harm to the individual would be based on the extent of the threat. Poland and McCormic k (1999) stated that notifying police is not sufficient action to protect the counselor from a lawsuit if the clients threat is carried out. Client Record-Keeping Client record-keeping is related to competent, ethical practice because as a counselor you have to document the clinical assessment and word process to ensure that the plan that was set for them is consistent with their diagnosis and assessment information. It is the responsibility of the counselor to make sure they document each time they have contact with their client in detail in order for their supervisor to review and ensure that the clients sessions are showing past betterment and future outcomes.The components of a clinical record that I believe are most important for book the clients right to a professional standard of care is informed consent to treatment forms, fee agreements, signed client rights statements, treatment plans, and treatment team staffing notes, often signed by clients or parents as well as by professionals. Authorizations to release information provide clients written consent to disclose protected information within very specific parameters (Poland & McCormick, 1999).Additionally, the components of a clinical record that are important for protecting the counselor from liability are a thorough assessment, a congruent treatment plan, expatiate progress notes consistent with the plan, supervisory notes, billing notes consistent with the services documented, and the client rights documents (Poland & McCormick, 1999). As long as the counselor keeps detailed documentation of each meeting with each client, they will be able to defend themselves against allegations of misconduct. Topic of Choice One ethical issue that I find that will be debatable is confidentiality.This issue is significant for me because if I had a client disclose to me during a session that they had a communicable life threatening disease and they were practicing unsafe behaviors in order to pass the diseas e along to as many people as possible, I would find it hard to protect their confidentiality. Once Ive received enough information from my client, I would consult with my supervisor as to what should be my next step. After I consult with my supervisor, I would take the proper steps to confirm that my client does have a communicable life threatening disease and if they do I would inform all possible parties.

Under the Influence Analysis

Under the captivate Rhetorical Analysis In Under the Influence, Scott Russell Sanders recreates his memories and feelings of loss, anger, and fear from his childhood inflicted by his alcoholic father. Sanders sh atomic number 18s that growing up with a drunken parent washbasin have a serious long-term effect on a child. He educes awareness and empathy for others by using similes, imaginary, and allusions to recreate battles against his father. Sanders writes to support other victims and to let them know they are not alone.Sanders opens his essay with a very direct fact My father drank. Although this sentence is simple, his story is not. In the next sentence, he uses a simile to describe his fathers transformation with every alcoholic binge. Sanders wrote that his father drank as a gut punched boxer gasps for breath, as a starving dog gobbles food compulsively, secretly, in pain and tremble. He uses this simile to show that his father was not a social drinker, but a public who wo uld drink just to drink.Sanders then uses imaginary to create a typical scene in his domiciliate while his father is drunk. He describes his father drinking from bottles of wine, cylinders of whisky, and cans of beer, then his father passes out in his recliner. Later, Sanderss mother awakens him, which is when the fighting begins. This imaginary creates a sense of sadness and empathy for Sanders, for this was a daily issue for him. Sanderss purpose for writing Under the Influence was to show that people do not act handle themselves when consumed by alcohol.When alcohol takes over a person, they are to be feared. While continuing the story, Sanders begins to use divers(prenominal) terms for the word drunk, such as tipsy, pickled, plowed, juiced, and looped. He points out that some of these words are meant to be funny, but the irony is that this is not a funny matter. The irony creates a sense of penitence for the people who suffer the way Sanders suffered growing up. As an adult, Sanders is able to accept the fact that his father suffered from a disease however, this was not always easy for him to grasp.

Small Business Program and Source Selection Plans Research Paper

Small line of work Program and Source Selection Plans - enquiry Paper ExampleAs a government Contracting Officer, the programs are qualified for atomic assembly line through a particular criteria and size standard. This program is not dominant on its operational palm although there are various influences on the national employment activities also some line of reasoning interestingness primarily engaged in small business (Byrd and Megginson, 2013). This perspective determines the dominance of the projects in consideration to the grocery volumes and the number of employees and achieved since the business contractors put up the ownership of control material and the nature of the business activities. The Small Business Program today has grown significantly, due to the history since the foundation of the program. For example, in the year 1958, The Investment company Act developed Small Business Investment Company program that regulated and assisted in providing funds for private ly own businesses and for the operated venture capital investment firms. Additionally, the program also specialized in providing long-term debts and equity investment to small businesses. Thereafter, the Small business Act was used to develop the friction match Opportunity Loan Program that lessened credit and collateral requirement for applicants for the poor people in order to encourage new innovative small businesses that had been unable to attract financial put forward. Presently, the programs have protracted its support to small businesses in management assistance, government contract procurement backing, and a specialized submit to the women and other minority groups (Hillstrom, & Hillstrom, 2002). Evaluate the small business set-aside program concerning the eligibility to participate Primarily, the program provides support to small businesses so the requirements for eligibility are mostly ground on the aspects of the business, most importantly they are based on what the business does to acquire their income, where the business operates, and lastly the character of its ownership. However, there are some planetary requirements that the program needs to be eligible for assistance. First, the business should be a small in the States as prescribed by the SBA and should be operating for profits, as a result, it should have reasonable invested equity. Secondly, the business should have the capability of demonstrating that they need the support, and present a reasonable business purpose. Thirdly, the business should not have any existing debt to the American government also use other alternatives such as person-to-person assets before seeking assistance from the program (Byrd and Megginson, 2013). The small businesses programs focus on eligibility of businesses to participate, and the encouragement of small domesticated business to join in national research that has commercialization potential. Since the program is competitive, the program ensures that individuals in small businesses have the ability to participate in different possible activities, and this provides enticement of profits from commercialization. These Small business programs are diverse and target different succeeding innovative businesses, for example in technology sector. However, the riskiness and expense of conducting the product results are usually beyond the means of various small businesses (Swift & Booker, 2003). Through substitute of several factors of federal funds and government contrac

Ethnography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Ethnography - Essay ExampleTherefore, the mark to which there is a hatchway of a researcher becoming a full player within an experience is dependent partially on the features of the setting under observance. However, a number of ethnographers do non trust that understanding necessitates that they nominate to be full members of the group under study. In fact, the majority of them have the perception that this must not happen in instances where there is a need of producing a valid, as well as the utile report (Brewer 2000, p.119). These researchers suppose that the ethnographer must attempt being both outsider and insider, thereby remaining on the groups margins socially, as well as intellectually since there is a need for the view of both an outsider while also as an insider. Therefore, there is an emphasis that, apart from get togetherking to understand, the ethnographer should make an attempt at seeing familiar surrounding as anthropologically strange, the same way someone from another society would see it, thereby adopting the Martian perspective.The initial except most significant distinction amongst observational strategies is about the degree to which the observer happens to be a participant in the program activities under study. This is not an easy select between participation, as well as nonparticipation. The degree of participation happens to be a continuum that varies from complete assiduousness in the program as a full participant to total separation from the activities under observation thereby assuming a piece of a spectator.... of influential policymakers who are at the top, while generating a la mode(p) analytic insights through the engagement of interactive, team study of often subtle grounds of human difference, on with similarity. Such findings give ethnographers the capability of informing other people of their findings while attempting to derive, for instance, policy decisions or instructional improvements from such a study (Bre wer 2000, p.110). Variations within Observational Methods Observational research happens not to be a single thing rather, the decision of employing field methods when gathering informational data happens to be the initial step within a decision process, which entails a vast number of options, as well as possibilities. When making a choice of employing field methods, this includes a commitment of getting close to the subject under observation with its innate setting, being factual and descriptive when reporting what gets observed, while, at the same time, finding out the viewpoints of participants within the country observed. Once the researcher makes these basic commitments, it is essential to make more decisions concerning which specific observational approaches are sufficient for the research setting at hand (Brewer 2000, p.114). Variation within Observer Involvement The initial yet most significant distinction amongst observational strategies is about the degree to which the o bserver happens to be a participant within the program activities under study. This is not an easy choice between participation, as well as nonparticipation. The degree of participation happens to be a continuum that varies from complete concentration in the program as a full participant to total separation from the activities under observation thereby assuming a role of a spectator. As a

Critical Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Critical Review - Essay sheathThere is a common understanding that consumers require information to know about products that have the potential to satisfy their top necessitate. Information channels that avail the products details consumers want have a can in the current market.The following review will focus on the objectives of integrate marketing communication, the charge IMC has developed over the years, review of academic studies, the role of consumers and communication channels in the purchase decision-making process. intellectual consumer doings also calls for an evaluation of the proposed IMC pattern and unearth the strengths and weaknesses. The review further considers the consumer segmentation to know the attributes they tincture for when making purchase decisions. The re-evaluation also criticizes some of the approaches the author uses to discuss the aspects of integrated marketing communication with assess to consumer behaviour and the ultimate consumer decisio n-making process.The article is entitled Impact of Integrated Marketing Communication on Consumer behaviour written by Camelia Mihart. The author uses a comparison of studies to highlight the rival of IMC on the consumer behaviour and decisions they make concerning purchasing. The article features a structured comprehensive flow that starts with an abstract and ends with a model of IMC. The model has been deduced from the studies explored in the literature review section. The author has used the literature review section to explore IMC impact despite myriad of authors studying the topic in the past.Highlighting objectives of integrated marketing communications (IMC) with discover to consumer behaviour is relevant. Companies must keep competition at bay by understanding how consumers behave and providing them with their needs on prompt basis. Consumer satisfaction is far more important than availing the needs that match their tastes and preferences, which is the foundation of inte grated marketing communication or